This question came up on BGG and a fellow BGG user sent it to FFG. The official answer is as follows:
 

AFAIK there's no official list. The other planets name on 1A is Nicea.
 
Edit:
 
This is a list I made, so it's possible that some names are not correct.
 
1A - Shattered Reaches
Nicea
Smyrna
1B - The Veil
Orb Theta-84
Pergoria

2A - Ebberk's Valor
Laodicea
Pergam
2B - The Verudun Wastes
Ferrincus
Lemnos

3A - The Vohgan Labyrinth
Azernikh
Lytheria
3B - Gareen Nebula
Fornax
Phlegra

4A - Monstrum Abyss
Onodin
Solanum
4B - Rhuin's Strand
Halja
Savarga

5A - Bloody Expanse
Thylin
Xinghua
5B - The Starhov Nebula
Broeskyr
Naraka

6A - The Shipyards of Aulanius
Annieth
Kaunas
6B - The Expanse of Rukstadt
Agharta
Lyrcea

7A - Lazarus Abyss
Lilivara
Remscheid
7B - The Shoals of Aidoneus
Gheralt
Nymaan

8A - Saint Mir'ha's Fastness
Scynthia
Squall
8B - The Barren Cluster
Karyala
The Vault of St. Ravinnus

Eldar Home System
9A - The Teladir Frontier
Iyanden
Lycium
9B - Zeilaf's Reach
Iyanden
Kigal

Space Marine Home System
10A - Von Haagen's Hope
Argovia
Euraci
Medrias
10B - The Teladir Frontier
Albrecht's Hold
Carcerus
Lemnos

Orc Home System
11A - Depths of Caerulus
Da Green Rock
Gelsenkirchen
Vimur
11B - The Kevan Stars
Cholopis
Golgrim
Niekae

Chaos Space Marine Home System
12A - Lost Kocaetus
Noatun
Purge
Venefirous
12B - Station Epsilon-Rho
Lux
Nebiru
Saronne

What do you mean with doesn't give you anything back? It enables you to use bastions as factories (once per round). This means that you can deploy new units in systems without a factory, but with a bastion. That's a huge plus in my book, as you should already be building a lot of bastions as a space marine.
 
Edit:
 
Just to be sure, this is how it works:
 
Deploy order: You normally need a factory in the active system and you you can build as many units per Deploy order as the unit capacity of the planet with the factory indicates. If you have more than one factory in the system, you just add all the unit capacities of the factory-planets and then you can build up to that amount per Deploy order.
 
Recruitment worlds: Once per round you can build units in a system that has no factory, but has (a) bastion(s). Since bastions are not as effective in building units, you have to substract 1 from the amount of units you can build per bastion in that system. So if you have two bastions in a system and the unit capacities of the planets with the bastions are 2 and 3 you can build 2+3-2=3 units with an upgraded Deploy order.

You play the card and when it's your turn again you can resume with the order tokens. You don't discard a token.

With even more luck they can get up to four (2 Advance Orders + The Green Tide + Mob Up!).

This question also came up on BGG. A fellow BGG User then submitted the question and the official ruling is as follows:
 
 
The original Thread can be found here.